These studies clearly show that information cannot be generalized from studies in HIC and more studies on CP from LMIC are needed.Īndrews et al. The etiological risk factors identified in Uganda were also very different from HIC, with almost no preterm born children, in contrast to 40%preterm born children in HIC, and numerous cases due to post neonatal infections (e.g., malaria). children respectively, compared to about 2. The Ugandan and Bangladesh studies showed higher prevalence of CP of 2.9 and 3. A few rigorous population-based studies have recently been published from Uganda and Bangladesh revealing large differences in prevalence from High Income Countries (HIC). Until recently there were only studies on hospital clinical samples suggesting prevalence ranging from 2 to 10 cases per 1000 children from Egypt, Uganda, South Africa and South Egypt. Causal relationships cannot be drawn from these data but findings make a strong argument for improving maternal and child health care.Ĭerebral Palsy (CP) is one of the most common developmental disabilities in children worldwide and also in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), however, there is a lack of robust population-based studies in Africa. Multidisciplinary care approaches and focused functional habilitation services are needed.
The severe forms of CP predominate most children are dependent on their parents for routine activities of daily living and cannot communicate well. During the first month of life, 50% had infection, 62% had trouble feeding, 49.4% had difficulty breathing, 35% had seizure and 13.8% had jaundice. More than 80% of the mothers had complications during delivery Half of the neonates did not cry immediately after birth,44% were resuscitated with bag mask ventilation at birth and 64% immediately admitted to NICU.
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On gross motor function (GMFCS) and manual ability (MACS) classification systems, 75.3% of the children had level IV and V functional impairment. Of the children, 95.4% had speech difficulty, 87.4% learning disabilities, 60.9% epilepsy, 24.7% visual impairment and 8.6% hearing impairment. The majority had bilateral spastic CP (60.4%) followed by unilateral spastic CP 21.8%, dyskinetic CP 10.4%, and ataxic CP 3.4% 4% were unclassifiable. Half (50.6%) were under the age of 5 years with a mean age of 5.6 (SD 3.6) years 55.2 were male. One hundred seventy four children who fulfilled the clinical criteria were included. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses, Chi-square test, crudes association and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval employed.
The Surveillance of CP in Europe (SCPE) decision tree was used as a guideline for inclusion and evaluation was by standardized questionnaire and clinical examination. MethodsĪ hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted- July – September of 2018 among 207 children with suspected motor symptoms. The overall aim of this study is to describe the clinical spectrum of CP in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, including CP subtype, gross and fine motor function, presence and pattern of associated impairments, and possible risk factors in children aged 2 to 18 years. Although, there is no population-level data in Ethiopia, a previous retrospective hospital-based study identified CP as the most common developmental disability in children.